Cycles

For some, globalization is a long-term cyclical process, and thus, finding its origin will be a doubting task.

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Broader, More recent changes

Recent changes – comprised the fifth view. These broad changes happened in the last half of the twentieth century. Scholars today point to these three notable changes as the origin of globalization that we know today. 1. The emergence of the United States as the global power (post-World War II) 2. The emergence of multinational corporation (MNC) 3. The demise of the soviet Union and the end of the Cold War The United States, Germany, and Great Britain had in their homeland great corporation which the world knows today. However, they did not remain there as far as their production and market are concerned. For example: • Ford and General Motors originated in the United States but in the 20th century, they exported more automobiles and opened factories to other countries
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Epoch

Ritzer (2015) citedTherborn’s (200) six great epochs of globalization. These are also called “waves” and each has its own origin. The following are the sequential occurrence of the epochs: 1. Globalization of religions (fourth to seventh century) 2. European colonial conquest (late fifteenth century) 3. Intra-European Wars (late eighteenth to early nineteenth centuries) 4. Heyday of European Imperialism (mid-nineteenth century to 1918) 5. Post – World War II period 6. Post – Cold War period
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Events

Specific events are also considered as part of the fourth view in explaining the origin ofglobalization. For example: • Rosenthal (2007) gave premium to voyages of discovery of America in 1942. • Vasco da gama in Cape of Good Hope in 1948 • Ferdinand Magellan’s completed circumnavigation of the globe in 1522 • The recent years could also be regarded as the beginning of globalization with reference to specific technological advances in transportation and communication. Some examples include: 1. First transatlantic telephone cable (1956) 2. First transatlantic television broadcast (1962) 3. The founding of the modern internet (1988) 4. The terrorist attacks on the Twin Towers in New York (2001)
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